STERILITY AND INFERTILITY

<div class="MsoNormal"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormal"> <b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">What is sterility and infertility?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div> <div class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">     A sterility is the inability to carry a pregnancy to term (to have a live child). This inability to reproduce can occur because the sexual organs do not work well or because the gametes are defective.<o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">     The infertility refers to the inability to conceive . It is considered that there is a problem of infertility or infertility when they were unable to have a living child after a year of having sex without using contraception, such as condoms , in order to procreate.<o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal"> <b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Causes<o:p></o:p></span></b></div> <div class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">For men it occurs by several factors:<o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal"> <b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Pretesticular factor :</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> Alterations in hormones that stimulate the testes (LH and FSH). They are rare.<o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> <b>Testicular Factor :</b> Affections of the testicle. They can be genetic, congenital (birth) or acquired (infections).<o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal"> <b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> Post - testicular factor :</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> They affect sperm once they have left the testis. They are obstructions via sperm, seminal infections, presence of anti - sperm antibodies, ejaculatory disorders and coital disorders.<o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The absence of sperm (azoospermia) or the shortage or poor quality of it (oligospermia) can result from testicular factor, genetic causes or as a consequence of illness.<o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">If it is due to a post-testicular factor (obstructive azoospermia) can have a congenital origin (a malformation in the vas deferens), occur as a result of trauma or making a volutarias ligatures, such as vasectomy.<o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">In the quantity and quality of sperm can influence lifestyle. The Alcohol and drugs can also temporarily reduce sperm quality, as well as environmental toxins and substances such as pesticides.<o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Another cause of male infertility is the inability to ejaculate , which can have various origins, such as diabetes , medication for treatment to regulate blood pressure , the impotence or surgery for prostate or urethra.<o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal"> <b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">In the woman the factors that influence are:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div> <div class="MsoNormal"> <b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Cervical Factor :</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> Referred to the neck uterus that connects the vagina , the uterus and the fallopian tubes , where is the egg after ovulation. Anatomical or functional alterations that interfere with the path over which the sperm from the vagina (where it is deposited) to one of the fallopian tubes, where fertilization occurs the egg may exist. Among the anatomical alterations found polyps, cysts and occasional caused by trauma or surgery.<o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> <b>Uterine factor :</b> They can be causes uterine or endometrial . The most common are uterine malformations, benign tumors or myomas, synechiae or adhesions to the walls. Among endometrial, include infections of the endometrium (endometritis).<o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormal"> <b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Tuboperitoneal Factor :</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> Changes in the fallopian or ovarian tube space. The most important reason why this factor appears is infectious , producing different types of salpingitis or inflammation of the tubes, resulting in obstruction.<o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Among noninfectious causes, the most common is endometriosis, a disease that involves the occurrence of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity, especially in the ovaries and the ligaments that hold the uterus to the pelvis. The endometrium is out of "menstruate" all cycles, but not having a natural drainage channel, instead accumulates and acquires a cystic form.<o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> <b>Ovarian endocrine factor : </b>Chronic anovulation may appear by a dysfunction of the hypothalamus and pituitary , why this gland does not produce enough of gonadotropins (LH and FSH) and ovary not encouraged.<o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Another possible alteration is appearing on the amounts of LH and FSH, as is the case of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) which are characterized by the excess production of the hormone LH pituitary, by which the cycle is altered ovulatory.<o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">This table is associated with obesity and excess production of male hormones, which often lead to increased hair. There may also be ovulation disorders problems with other hormones, for example, increased prolactin or thyroid disorders.<o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal"> <b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Factors related to lifestyle</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> : stress, diet or very intense practice of certain sports can alter the hormonal balance female.<o:p></o:p></span></div> <br /> <div class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Both men and women, psychic and emotional factors have an important influence on the reproductive capacity.<o:p></o:p></span></div>

infertility sterility STERILITY AND INFERTILITY

What is sterility and infertility?      A sterility is the inability to carry a pregnancy to term (to have a live child). This inabilit...

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