DIAGNOSIS AND SYMPTOMS OF MALE INFERTILITY

                         What is infertility and male subfertility?

     Infertility and male subfertility are conditions in which a man has trouble getting a woman pregnant. Subfertility is when man has been unable to impregnate a woman after a year of regular unprotected sex. The cause of male infertility could be a problem with the male reproductive system. The male reproductive system includes the testes, prostate, penis, scrotum, vas deferens, epididymis, and seminal ducts.

What causes infertility and male subfertility?

     It is likely that the cause is not known. The following are likely tips of infertility:

Varicocele: The  scrotum veins are enlarged. This condition may reduce sperm count and cause infertility.

And has low sperm abnormalities: Problems with form, amount and movement of sperm may decrease fertility.

Genetics: You may be born with genes that cause infertility. Genes may affect sperm production, how they move and how they can travel.

Lock seminal duct: The seminal ducts are tubes that carry sperm from the testicles to the urethra. When these tubes are blocked, it is likely that no sperm in their semen.

Low levels of hormones: Hormonal disorders in the testes or pituitary gland tumors may cause infertility.

Antibodies: A problem with the immune system may cause your body to produce antibodies that attack sperm.

Medicine: Steroids and drugs to treat high blood pressure, cancer or depression could affect fertility.

Infections: Chronic infections (long - term) in the male reproductive system may affect fertility male.

What are the signs and symptoms of male subfertility and infertility?

     The main sign of male infertility is the inability to get your partner pregnant after 1 year of having unprotected sex. Other signs and symptoms depend on the cause of infertility. If you suffer from varicocele, you will have a lump or swelling in the scrotum that feels like a bag of worms.

How male subfertility and infertility diagnosed?

     Your doctor will ask about your current health and your health in the past. You will probably need to know how long you and your partner have tried to conceive. Tell when and how often you have sex and if they have had problems. You will also be asked about their smoking habits or drink alcohol and consume what medications. You may need any of the following:

Physical exam: The doctor will look for signs of low levels of hormones, such as decreased body hair and increased breast tissue. The doctor will also check the size and shape of your testicles and identify any sign of varicocele.

Blood tests: You may have blood drawn to provide information to their doctors about the functioning of your body. The blood could be drawn from the hand, arm or through an IV.

Genetic screening: Genetic screening could be done to detect abnormal genes that could cause not produce sperm or that occur in low amount.

Semen analysis: Used to detect problems with movement and function of sperm. You will need to ejaculate semen for this test.

Sperm analysis: the movement and speed of sperm as they travel through the mucus is checked. It is also likely that sperm count is made.

Spermatic venography: This test evaluates the location of the veins in the scrotum. During the examination a doctor introduce contrast dye in your body and take x - rays to locate the varicocele. Tell your doctor if you have ever had an allergic reaction to the dye.

Ultrasound: Ultrasound uses sound scrotum to detect lumps and other changes in your testicles and scrotum waves.

Urine test: A sample of your urine is collected after you ejaculate. This examination is performed to detect sperm in the urine, which may indicate a blockage or problems with ejaculation.

How male subfertility and infertility treated?

Treatment depends on the cause of their infertility. You may need any of the following:

Medicine: You may receive antibiotics to treat an infection of the reproductive system. Hormones, such as testosterone, they may be used to treat low hormone levels. Steroids may be used to treat infertility caused by a problem with the immune system.

Percutaneous embolization: This procedure can be used to treat varicocele. Blood flow in veins flanged to suspend obstructs blood flow.

Sperm extraction: If there is a blockage, could remove sperm from the testes and epididymis. The sperm collected could be saved or used to fertilize the female egg.

Surgery: Surgery may be performed to repair a blockage in the sperm duct or remove a pituitary tumor